Tag: dApps

The Graph ($GRT) – The Next Level of Decentralized Apps
What is The Graph?

The Graph ($GRT) is a decentralized and open-sourced indexing protocol for blockchain data. Developers can build and publish different APIs, which are referred to as subgraphs, and perform queries through the GraphQL.

The platform can easily be used to look for any Ethereum data conveniently through simple queries. This addresses the common problem faced by a lot of other blockchain indexing platforms.

Blockchain applications face difficulties in keeping properties like finality, chain reorganization, and security in their process of fulfilling query tasks. These are also potential complications that applications usually address, but unfortunately make the process of querying time-consuming. The Graph has a workaround for this, and it is built exactly for that purpose.

Through “subgraphs,” The Graph indexes blockchain data, which users can access via the GraphQL API. According to the team, they will make it fully decentralized in the future, where more nodes will be involved and made responsible for maintaining the index.

The interest for the platform is steadily growing. In fact, they hit over a billion queries last June 2020. This was right at the time when decentralized finance was also gaining much institutional attention.

The Graph’s Daily Query Volume (Source: ‘1 Billion Monthly Queries’ medium articles)

Background

Yaniv Tal, co-founder and CEO of The Graph, together with his team, has created an indexing protocol meant to ease the process of accessing blockchain data. Tal and his co-founders had personally witnessed themselves how difficult it was to actually create new applications on the Ethereum blockchain.

Thanks to their experience on applications, they have found out that there is actually no decentralized indexing and querying softwares yet for blockchain. The problem back then was that developers had to come up with their own method to gather data and transform them from different sources.

The mission of the platform, which Tal and his team developed, is to help create applications that require no servers and make Web3 accessible to everyone.

How Does The Graph Index Data?

To index Ethereum-based data, The Graph uses the “subgraph manifest.” This refers to the description of a subgraph containing data about smart contracts, blockchain events, and the procedure in mapping event data with one another, before they are all kept in the platform’s database.

The flow of the data from transactions, subgraph manifests, and the database follows a particular structure. All of it begins with decentralized applications that are adding data to the Ethereum blockchain through the help of smart contracts.

All of that data will contain a record of all events and transactions up until the point that they have achieved finality. Then comes the Graph Node, which scans the whole blockchain database, gathers new data, and filters out those that are relevant to the queries that users make. To make the indexing much easier, it identifies every information that answers the questions from subgraphs.

GraphQL is the link between blockchain data and the application that a user wants to provide it with. But then again, it is through the Graph Node that users can deliver searches to the platform. After the whole process, users can finally look at the results of their query from their applications.

Basically, this is how the cycle of data query and indexing works in the platform. Users can refer to the Graph Explorer to scan through the subgraphs that are already in the platform. Each of these subgraphs have a playground where users can perform queries through GraphQL.

How the Graph Works? (source: https://thegraph.com/docs/introduction#how-the-graph-works)

As of latest, The Graph can support the indexing of data coming from Ethereum, IPFS, and PoA networks. There are more networks that the platform will support in the future. But right now, they already have more than 2,300 subgraphs deployed, which developers for applications utilize. Some of these applications are AAVE, Aragon, Balancer, DAOstack, Uniswap, Synthetix, and many others.

There is a lot of institutional support for The Graph network. Michael Anderson of Framework Ventures, said in a press release that they “couldn’t be happier to back Yaniv and the team, and we look forward to helping grow the decentralized network when it launches.”

Hayden Adams of Uniswap also shared how useful the platform was for their analytics needs: “As a company we don’t manage or run our own databases. … Right now it’s pretty difficult to get historic data from the Ethereum blockchain in an efficient way.”

Their plan, apart from expanding to other blockchains soon, is to make it community-owned and governed in the future. This is also in response to the shift of many blockchain applications to a decentralized model of governance.

Key Roles

The platform’s whole ecosystem is composed of the following:

The Graph’s Protocol Roles (source: The Graph Network In Depth)
- Consumers – These are the users who pay indexers for their searches. It could also be web services or any other software linked with The Graph.
- Indexers – These are the nodes that maintain the indexing function of the platform.
- Curators – Using GRTs, curators identify to the subgraphs the information that is valuable for the platform’s index.
- Delegators – These are other stakers who delegate their GRT to existing indexers and earn a portion of the rewards run by nodes.
- Fishermen – They check whether the network’s response to queries is accurate.
- Arbitrators – They decide whether an Indexer is malicious or not.
The Graph Council

The Graph plans to decentralize its governance in the future. This will most likely be similar with MakerDAO and Compound. At the point of the protocol’s maturity, the team plans to launch a Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAO) that would allow core interest groups to participate in important protocol decisions.

Similar to other DAOs, the Graph Council, which will be the governing body for the technical parameters of the protocol, is also in charge of how The Graph Foundation allocates its native, utility tokens.

Among their basic functions include decisions on allocating grants and ecosystem funding, protocol upgrades, protocol parameters, and other emergency decisions.

GRT Token ($GRT)

The Graph Token, or $GRT, is its native ERC-20 based token, which can serve as a medium of exchange and the reward distributed to community participants who function as Indexers, Curators, and Delegators.

GRT token distribution (Image source: The Graph)

GRT also has a vesting and distribution schedule ranging between 6 months to 10 years depending on the bucket. Around 12.5% of the total token supply (i.e. 1,224,999,438 GRT) is expected to be in circulation at launch. However this figure is exclusive of stakeable but locked tokens.

GRT token distribution at mainnet launch

The Graph launched its mainnet at 9:00a.m. (PT) on 17th December 2020. Upon launch, GRT has been distributed to all of the participants of the public sale. Members of The Graph’s Curator Program also received an initial USD $1,000 worth in rewards, with the remainder to be distributed to them on a quarterly basis based on their contributions to the Program.

The Graph Foundation also received around 20% of the supply for the future development of The Graph. In particular, contributors who want to help building on The Graph can apply to their Grants Program, around 1% of the total supply of GRT will be allocated to support these participants in 2021.

Here’s a graph showing the GRT circulation over the course of 5 years from the date of launch (i.e. 17th December 2020 at 9:00a.m. PT)

5-year GRT circulation schedule by Bucket (Image source: The Graph)

Indexers that assisted during the Testnet phase have also ben rewarded between USD$10,000 to USD$100,000 in GRT as a reward for their contributions.

In addition, around 2% of the total GRT has been granted to several Education Programs and loans totalling around 2.5% had been made to independent ecosystem partners.

Indexer Staking

In order for users to stake in the nodes that operate the whole platform and sell their services in the query market, they have to lock their GRT. In return, they are given financial rewards. If the indexers work maliciously, like altering data intentionally, the GRT that they staked will be slashed.

Mainnet now live!

The Graph Network launched its main net on 17th December 2020 after 3 years of development! According to the team the mainnet launch includes the following components: Deployment of The Graph Network contracts on Ethereum mainnet, deployment of the GRT contract, distribution of GRT to takeovers, launch of the Bug County Program and new docs for network roles.

With the mainnet launch, Indexers will first stress test and improve performance before supporting real query volume, which will be upwards of 5,000 queries per second. Of course, there will be rewards for Indexers who will now begin earning on-chain indexing rewards and query fees.

Graph Roadmap: What’s next?

Now that mainnet has launched, The Graph will continue building. The Team has stated that the Graph Foundation will work on building a production-ready Graph Explorer dApp and Gateway that will support all network contributors.

The Graph is also open to any individuals or third-parties that want to build for the network and as mentioned previously, they an apply to the Grants Program or collaborate with other community contributors.

Conclusion

Looking at the current boom of the DeFi space, we can see how important it is for developers to be able to freely access blockchain data. Making the process faster and less difficult for everyone could potentially influence the growth of the space as well as its reliability, security, and capacity.

Everyone saw the need to create a bridge of information between applications and blockchain data. The Graph sought out to answer that.

And with the deployment of smart contracts that depend on user data, The Graph has proven itself to be easy to use, cost-efficient, and fast. The platform is seen as a promising tool to empower everyone in the community, especially those who are developing more use cases for the blockchain.

Decentralised Finance (DeFi) series: tutorials, guides and more

With content for both beginners and more advanced users, check out our YouTube DeFi series containing tutorials on the ESSENTIAL TOOLS you need for trading in the DeFi space e.g. MetaMask and Uniswap. As well as a deep dive into popular DeFi topics such as decentralized exchanges, borrowing-lending platforms and NFT marketplaces

The DeFi series on this website also covers topics not explored on YouTube. For an introduction on what is DeFi, check out Decentralized Finance (DeFi) Overview: A guide to the HOTTEST trend in cryptocurrency

Tutorials and guides for the ESSENTIAL DEFI TOOLS:
More videos and articles are coming soon as part of our DeFi series, so be sure to SUBSCRIBE to our Youtube channel so you can be notified as soon as they come out!

Disclaimer: Cryptocurrency trading involves significant risks and may result in the loss of your capital. You should carefully consider whether trading cryptocurrencies is right for you in light of your financial condition and ability to bear financial risks. Cryptocurrency prices are highly volatile and can fluctuate widely in a short period of time. As such, trading cryptocurrencies may not be suitable for everyone. Additionally, storing cryptocurrencies on a centralized exchange carries inherent risks, including the potential for loss due to hacking, exchange collapse, or other security breaches. We strongly advise that you seek independent professional advice before engaging in any cryptocurrency trading activities and carefully consider the security measures in place when choosing or storing your cryptocurrencies on a cryptocurrency exchange.
January 1, 2023
Understanding Layer 2 & Scaling Solutions: Arbitrum, Boba, Optimism, Polygon, Ethereum 2.0
One of the core problems with the Ethereum network today is scalability. As more and more decentralized apps (dApps) are built on the network, the number of users and transactions increases. This has slowed down the speed of transactions and driven up the cost of using the network, creating the need for scaling solutions.

At its full capacity, the Ethereum network is only able to process 15 transactions per second. To put Ethereum’s scaling limits into perspective, consider that Visa handles around 1,700 transactions per second on average. Therefore, increasing the network capacity in terms of speed and throughput is fundamental to the meaningful and mass adoption of Ethereum.

There are multiple solutions being researched, tested and implemented that take different approaches to achieve similar goals. Two solutions that we will explore in this article are known as sidechains and optimistic rollups.

Check out our explainer video on layer 2 solutions such as Arbitrum, Boba, Optimism, and Ethereum 2.0

Layer 2 solutions explained (Arbitrum, Boba, Optimism, Ethereum 2.0)

What is Layer 2 and How Does it Work?

The Ethereum main chain is known as Layer 1. Layer 1 applications and smart contracts interact directly with the native chain. Layer 2 refers to a series of different protocols that facilitate the creation of smart contracts and decentralized applications (dApps) on top of the core Ethereum blockchain.

Operating on Layer 2 frees up Layer 1 by taking transactions off the main chain, offloading it to Layer 2, enabling them to interact, and then recording the remainder of the whole transactions back to Layer 1. Due to transactions being processed off-chain on Layer 2, Ethereum benefits from higher transaction processing capacity, faster confirmation times, and lower gas fees.

In fact, many believe that Layer 2 solutions will be how Ethereum wins over mainstream users. It is estimated that 2,000 – 4,000 transactions per second can be processed in Layer 2, which is already in line with Visa’s processing capabilities. By combining the scaling of Layer 1 with Ethereum 2.0 and Layer 2, Ethereum is set to obtain a powerful economic bandwidth.

Sidechains: Polygon Network

Sidechains are a Layer 2 solution utilizing separate blockchains that run in parallel to the Ethereum main chain but operate independently, hence increasing its scalability.

Polygon is the most popular sidechain that aims to scale Ethereum by building and connecting Ethereum-compatible blockchain networks. Polygon operates on its own consensus mechanism and also has its own native token known as $MATIC.

Because sidechains run on a separate blockchain, they do not inherit the security of Layer 1. If a sidechain is hacked or compromised, the damage will be contained within that chain and will not affect the main chain. Conversely, should the main chain become compromised, the sidechain can still operate.

Sidechains also provide room for a lot of flexibility, allowing developers to experiment with new features or software updates before pushing them onto the main chain.

Rollups Explained: Optimistic Rollups & Zero Knowledge Rollups

Rollups are another Layer 2 solution intended to solve Ethereum’s scalability and complement the network. Rollups interact with the main chain, therefore inheriting Layer 1’s security features as well as its secure consensus mechanism. The term ‘rollup’ refers to the way that the chain bundles many transactions to be submitted to the main chain.

Because rollups use smart contracts that reside within Ethereum, they do not require a native token like Polygon, but instead use $ETH as their currency. Rollups seem to be the most sound scaling solution for Ethereum as it does not compromise the security and sovereignty of Layer 1.

There are basically two types of rollups: Optimistic Rollups and Zero Knowledge Rollups (ZK Rollups). Both aim to scale Ethereum by processing transactions on Layer 2 before submitting the results back to Ethereum. However, the difference is in how they validate transactions.

In simple terms, Optimistic Rollups assume that transactions are valid — hence an optimistic outlook. However, it also allows what are called “watchers” to call out fraudulent transactions since blockchain is transparent and public. If a watcher proves instances of fraud, the transaction is reverted, the bad actor penalized, and the watcher rewarded to incentivize them.

On the other hand, Zero Knowledge Rollups attempt to prove that transactions are valid. They do so by submitting validity proof to an Ethereum smart contract along with the bundled transactions.

Optimistic Rollups are currently the more popular option, so let us look at some projects that have adopted this mechanism. These projects are Arbitrum, Boba, and Optimism.

Optimistic Rollups: Arbitrum, Boba & Optimism

Arbitrum, Boba and Optimism are 3 projects which have the same goals of scaling Ethereum and reducing gas fees. All of these Layer 2 projects are competing with one another to be the best network. Therefore, each project offers different features to stand out from the others.
- Arbitrum describes itself as a Layer 2 solution designed to improve the capabilities of Ethereum smart contracts — boosting their speed and scalability while adding additional privacy features to boot. Arbitrum is, according to the team, around 90-95% cheaper than Ethereum. And with their Nitro being launched soon, they expect costs to be cut even further.
- Optimism is an EVM-compatible Optimistic Rollup chain designed to be fast, simple, and secure. Optimism pledges to uphold the values of Ethereum by producing infrastructure that promotes the growth and sustainability of public goods.
- Boba Network is a next-generation Layer 2 scaling solution that reduces gas fees, improves transaction throughput, and extends the capabilities of smart contracts, shrinking the Optimistic Rollup exit period from seven days to only a few minutes, while giving liquidity pools (LPs) incentivized yield farming opportunities.
Arbitrum’s fraud proofs seek to find the particular point of disagreement over transaction history. In contrast, Optimism’s tech looks at fraud a bit more holistically. And this means that Arbitrum has a higher transaction capacity equating to higher performance.

Optimistic Rollups have a time period in which users can dispute transactions and call fraud. Both Arbitrum and Optimism allow one week for that dispute period, which means that transactions in a bundle under suspicion can be held in limbo for one week before they are verified and released. This is where Boba comes in as a serious player.

Instead of having funds locked for several days, Boba’s solution brings the dispute period down to only a few minutes. It also provides incentivized yield farming opportunities, both serving as very attractive features in comparison to its competitors.

Will Ethereum 2.0 Make Layer 2 Solutions Irrelevant?

Ethereum 2.0 is regarded as the long-term solution that can bring speed, efficiency, and scalability to the Ethereum network. The long awaited upgrade will move the network from a Proof-of-Work consensus to a Proof-of-Stake consensus, a much more energy efficient method of maintaining the network that uses validators instead of miners.

Ethereum 2.0 is currently slowly being released in different phases and will ultimately speed up transactions as well as drastically reduce the cost of gas fees. That brings up the question: Will Ethereum 2.0 make all these Layer 2 solutions irrelevant?

While there are many different opinions and discussions surrounding this topic, however, we think that all of these solutions can coexist and benefit the network as well as its economy.

This is because despite the upgrade, Ethereum 2.0 may still not be able to handle the amount of transactions per second required for widespread adoption. The impressive capabilities of Layer 2 solutions could eradicate Ethereum’s scalability issues for good, allowing the network to improve other aspects and prevent congestion on the main chain.

Final Thoughts: Why Are So Many Solutions Needed?

There is no debate that Ethereum has a stronghold over developer mindshare. It is the first network that enabled developers to build truly unstoppable decentralized applications with global distribution from day one. But competition is coming fast, and as it stands today, Ethereum will not be able to handle the scale necessary for millions of users. If the network wants to retain the same level of decentralization, it will have to look for new ways to structure use around the main blockchain.

As such, there are currently several Layer 2 solutions that aim to resolve Ethereum’s scaling issues. There are also some hybrid solutions which seek to improve the network’s scalability by combining the technologies. But is there really a need for so many solutions?

We say yes, because multiple solutions can help reduce the overall traffic on any one part of the network, and also prevent single points of failure. The whole is greater than the sum of its parts. Different solutions can exist and work in harmony, allowing for an exponential effect on future transaction speed and throughput. Furthermore, not all solutions require utilizing the Ethereum consensus algorithm directly, and alternatives can offer benefits that would otherwise be difficult to achieve.

If Ethereum achieves its full potential of becoming a global trust layer, it is likely that these solutions and more will be required to scale the network in combination with Ethereum 2.0. In the future, the Ethereum ecosystem could see significant change as new projects assess the benefits and drawbacks of running on Layer 2.

If all of these solutions can come together in harmony, Ethereum will achieve a blockchain system that can match the speed and scale of programmatic advertising – one that can be used by industries with high data processing needs as well as users worldwide.

Sources:

https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/scaling/

https://hackernoon.com/ethereums-layer-2-the-story-so-far-and-what-to-expect-next-kn41342c

https://dappradar.com/blog/ethereum-rollups-a-simple-explanation

https://medium.com/general_knowledge/rollup-rollup-top-layer-2-compared-arbitrum-vs-optimism-vs-polygon-4a469389faef
August 30, 2022
Serum DEX ($SRM): A Guide to Using Aldrin and Raydium on Serum
Serum ($SRM) is a decentralized exchange (DEX) that offers cross-chain trading at a speed and efficiency that rivals centralized exchanges. It runs on the Solana blockchain but will be fully interoperable with Ethereum as well as Bitcoin.

Learn how to trade on Serum DEX with Aldrin and Raydium in this video:

There are several factors that make Serum unique. Serum is a protocol that is fully decentralized down to the core, unlike most decentralized finance (DeFi) platforms today. In fact, it does not utilize oracle price feeds at all. Instead of using the traditional automated market maker model, Serum DEX facilitates decentralized automated limit order books. Serum end-users can place orders with fully automated matching through an on-chain order book. This allows traders to have more control over their trades.
Table of Contents

Toggle
What is the difference between Bonfida, Aldrin, Raydium, and all these markets listed on Serum?

How to use Raydium on Serum DEX

What is Raydium?

How to trade on Raydium- Swap feature?

How to use Aldrin on Serum DEX?

What is Aldrin?

How to trade on Aldrin?

How to place a market order on Aldrin?

How to place a limit order on Aldrin?

Staking on Aldrin

Conclusion: Main features and advantages of Serum DEX
What is the difference between Bonfida, Aldrin, Raydium, and all these markets listed on Serum?

When you go onto the trading section on Serum, you are presented with all these markets such as Bonfida, Mango Markets, Aldrin and Raydium to name a few. But what is the difference between all these markets listed on Serum DEX? And are they the “real” Serum?

Well, it turns out all these markets are the “real” Serum. These markets are decentralized apps (dApps) available on Serum DEX because the DEX gives users the opportunity to create their own custom financial products and dApps. These dApps can be found by entering the Serum portal and are part of the Serum ecosystem with their own interface, each competing with the other to provide the best user experience.

In this article, we will explore the functions of two of the most popular dApps available on Serum: Aldrin and Raydium.

How to use Raydium on Serum DEX

What is Raydium?

Raydium is the first automated market maker (AMM) built on Solana, enabled with lightning-fast trades, shared liquidity, and yield earning. The swap function is the simplest function available and the most user-friendly for beginner traders.

How to trade on Raydium- Swap feature?

To access this feature, simply click on the ‘Swap’ tab and you will be redirected to the page below.

Step 1: Swap tab

Next, you will need to connect your wallet. Once your wallet is connected, you can expand each drop-down menu to select the tokens you would like to swap. ‘From’ is the token you will pay and ‘To” is the token you will buy during the trade.

After selecting the tokens, you can input the amount you would like to pay and receive an estimate of the amount you will receive.

Step 2: insert amount

Before confirming the trade, you will want to take note of the price impact. Price impact is the difference between the market price and estimated price due to trade size. Typically, you would want minimal price impact so if the amount is 1% or 2%, you might want to reconsider the trade. This is especially important for tokens with a smaller market cap.

To proceed with the trade, simply click on the Swap button and approve the transaction. The transaction will then be processed and completed.

Raydium’s swap feature is simple to use and the speed of the Solana blockchain allows transactions to complete almost instantly. However, the tokens you can swap are limited and because of its simplicity, more experienced traders do not have access to additional features such as limit orders.

To access these more advanced features, we like to use Aldrin.

How to use Aldrin on Serum DEX?

What is Aldrin?

Aldrin is a decentralized exchange (DEX) on Solana that seeks to simplify the process of digital asset trading for both beginners and advanced traders alike. There are many token pairs that can be traded on the exchange. The dashboard for traders is also pretty comprehensive and informative, with an option for users to review important token data before they conduct their trades. Aldrin makes it easier for traders to find the website of a token, its trade analytics, and other pertinent data about it.

How to trade on Aldrin?

To trade on Aldrin, head over to their DEX and make sure you have the Trade tab selected.

Aldrin Step 1: trade tab

Connect your wallet and select the token pair you would like to trade. For this example, we will use SOL/USDC.

Adrin example SOL

Under the Order Book section, you can see all the current buy and sell activities by other traders.

Adrin Step 3: Book section

Aldrin’s order book allows both limit orders as well as market orders.

Aldrin Step 4: Select Limit Order or Market Order

Market orders are transactions meant to execute as quickly as possible at the current market price, which may fluctuate. Limit orders allow you to set the maximum or minimum price at which you are willing to buy or sell, and the transaction will only be executed when the target price is achieved.

How to place a market order on Aldrin?

To place a market order, select the ‘Market’ tab and input the amount you would like to buy or sell.

Aldrin Step 5: Input amount

Once you have entered an amount to buy or sell, you will see the amount you will receive for the trade. Then, you can click on the Buy or Sell button to submit the trade. Upon approving the transaction, the trade will be executed.

For first time users, it is important to note that after the trade has been executed, the funds will remain in your trading account and will not return to your wallet until you have settled your balances on the exchange.

Aldrin Final Step: Settle Balance

Simply click on Settle All and you will be able to see your funds in your wallet.

How to place a limit order on Aldrin?

To place a limit order, select the ‘Limit’ tab then input the amount you would like to buy or sell and the price you want to buy or sell it at.

Aldrin Limit Order Step 1

Once you have submitted the trade, you can go into the Open Orders tab to view all your orders.

Aldrin Limit Order Step 2: View Order

If you wish to cancel the order before it executes, you can do so by clicking on the Cancel button.

Staking on Aldrin

Staking is a passive way to grow your crypto holdings by securely locking up your selected crypto holding in return for tokenized rewards. The more tokens you stake, the more rewards you can earn. Aldrin allows you to stake RIN and mSOL tokens.

Head over to the Staking tab to access this feature. Make sure your wallet is connected.

Aldrin Staking Step 1

Click on View to select the token you would like to stake.

Aldrin Staking view order

You will be able to see the estimated staking rewards, in this case it is 35.66% APR (Annual Percentage Rate). Below it, you can see the APR amount is split into two. The first APR is calculated based on fixed treasury rewards and the second APR is calculated based on the current token price and the average AMM fees.

Enter the amount of tokens you would like to offer and click on Stake. The entered amount will show up in your Total Staked. Staking rewards are generated hourly and you can see the accumulation in the Rewards section.

Staking lockup lasts for one hour from the time of deposit. You will not be able to withdraw your tokens until the lock is lifted. You may click on Unstake All to enable termination.

Staking rewards are calculated hourly. These are then accumulated and paid out on the 27th of each month along with AMM fee revenue. You can add these new funds to your wallet by clicking the Claim button.

Conclusion: Main features and advantages of Serum DEX

Serum DEX is a very exciting project on the DeFi scene with a lot of promise. It has several advantages over other DeFi-based exchanges at the moment, which include:
- Lightning fast speed
- Low cost fees
- Full decentralization
- Cross-chain support
- Fantastic user interface (UI) and user experience (UX)
It is also more scalable than almost any other DeFi platform in existence, made possible by the Solana blockchain. As more users join the Serum ecosystem, it will be interesting to see where this project can go and the innovations that will arise from it.

To learn more about Serum, check out our Serum DEX guide and review.

Sources

What is Serum? A DeFi Derivatives DEX Guide

https://docs.aldrin.com/rin-token/how-to-stake-rin
July 10, 2022